Impact of Pricing Strategy on Customer Buying Behavior

Question: Examine about the Impact of Pricing Strategy on Customer Buying Behavior. Answer: Presentation The reason for this investigation is to assess the effect of evaluating procedure on buyers purchasing conduct. In this serious period, each association centers around evaluating system so as to impact buyers purchasing conduct (Lee 2016). There are distinctive valuing procedures, for example, low evaluating system, premium estimating methodology and value skimming that draw in various gathering of customers in hold industry. This investigation will assess the valuing procedure of Tesco and its effect on the buyers purchasing conduct and dynamic procedure. Issue Statement These days, retail associations are executing low evaluating methodology so as to pull in shoppers; be that as it may, it influences the brand estimation of the retail associations adversely. Examination Aim The point of the examination is to assess effect of piecing system on shoppers purchasing conduct in Tesco. Examination Objectives To assess the effect of valuing system on shoppers purchasing conduct To evaluate the valuing methodology of Tesco To fundamentally assess the valuing methodology of Tesco and its effect on the customers purchasing conduct To give reasonable proposal to Tesco to improving their valuing system Examination Questions What is the effect of evaluating system on shoppers purchasing conduct? What are the valuing systems actualized by Tesco? How evaluating system of Tesco impacts purchasing conduct of shoppers? What estimating methodology ought to Tesco execute so as to impact purchasing conduct of their customers? Writing Review The term evaluating system alludes to the advertising methodology wherein an association can set the ideal estimating for its items. A successful valuing technique assists with affecting the buyers dynamic procedure in a powerful way. In UK retail industry, the market rivalry is astoundingly high (Lim, Kim and Cheong 2016). Consequently, a large portion of the associations have embraced serious valuing methodology so as to improve their client maintenance for new and existing clients. Then again, retail associations have isolated their customers dependent on purchasing conduct and dynamic procedure. The isolation is totally founded on the social methodology of the focused on gatherings. For instance, individuals have a place from low financial foundation will go for low cost and individuals have a place from high financial foundation will go for high policing (Lee 2016). Subsequently, it very well may be said that both the evaluating procedures are suitable for explicit gathering of client. Exploration Methodology Exploration Philosophy A proper way of thinking of study will assist the analyst with gathering significant data in regards to the investigation (Silverman 2016). In this examination, positivism approach will be chosen. It will assist with social event authentic information in regards to the estimating technique of Tesco and its effect on customers purchasing conduct. Examination Purpose Engaging examination reason will be chosen for this investigation. In this procedure, it will be conceivable to comprehend the examination factors in a successful way (Marais and Pienaar-Marais 2016). A compelling exploration reason will additionally assist with accomplishing the general destinations of the examination. Information Collection Method In this investigation, essential information assortment strategy will be embraced. Through this procedure, subjective and quantitative information assortment methods will be applied. If there should arise an occurrence of quantitative information assortment process, the information will be assembled through review process with the representatives of Tesco. Then again, in subjective strategy, talk with meeting will be orchestrated with supervisors of Tesco. So as to lead the writing audit, information will be accumulated from real sources, for example, diary, official statement and books. Test Selection In this investigation, 50 representatives of Tesco will be chosen for the quantitative technique and supervisors of Tesco will be chosen for subjective exploration. Information explanatory instruments So as to break down the assembled information, factual investigation would be directed in quantitative technique. Center gathering examination procedure will be executed so as to assess the subjective information. Reference list Lee, H.J., 2016. Individual and Situational Determinants of US Consumers Buying Behavior of Organic Foods.Journal of International Food Agribusiness Marketing,28(2), pp.117-131 Lim, C.H., Kim, K. what's more, Cheong, Y., 2016. Components influencing sportswear purchasing conduct: A similar examination of extravagance sportswear.Journal of Business Research Marais, H.C. what's more, Pienaar-Marais, M., 2016, June. Examination of Research Methodology in Business and Management Studies as Reflected in the ECRM 2015 Proceedings. InECRM2016-Proceedings of the fifteenth European Conference on Research Methodology for Business Management: ECRM2016(p. 167). Silverman, D. ed., 2016.Qualitative examination. Sage

Role of Education in 21st Century Free Essays

Job of training in 21stâ century Long, some time in the past, Newton had said that he was ‘like a kid, who isâ picking stones at beach while the incredible expanse of information lies before me’. From that point forward, information has developed hugely atâ a a lot quicker speed than human capacity to adapt to it. Mechanical progressions of twentieth century, particularly during post 1970? s because of transformation in the field of data innovation, have changed the entire situation. We will compose a custom article test on Job of Education in 21st Century or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now Going into universe of information resembles going into a thick timberland. Just way out is to create consistent focus/mind, with regards to what one needs to knowâ and put forth true attempts toâ pursue significant information in that particular zone. Likewise it is similarly essential to update information consistently. As Alvin Toffler, eminent essayist has stated, â€Å"The unskilled of twenty-first century won't be the individuals who can not peruse or compose, however the individuals who can't learn, unlearn and relearn. † Purpose of training Unfortunately, which means and reason for proficiency and instruction is misjudged. Education doesn't simply mean the information on three ‘R’s, nor does itâ mean just scholarly or hypothetical investigations/information prompting grant of degrees. Expanding information base through accessible data is alsoâ not the motivation behind learning. Erudite information and grant of degrees through conventional instruction without successful preparing frameworks neither servesâ any purposeâ nor drove the individuals to get utilized profitably. As Khalil Gibran has said †information, the object of information and use of the information †all the three are similarly significant for persuading to make a shrewd move. A little information that demonstrations is worth more than much information that is idle. One, whose information is limited to books, can't utilize his abundance of information, at whatever point required. The extent of training †The extent of instruction is a lot more extensive. It is a consistent procedure. It implies total up-bringing of the individual beginning from the youth till end. In its more extensive sense, proficiency and instruction grasps inside itself perusing, perception, thought and its application, in actuality, circumstances. Inside its locale, likewise comes arrangement of propensities, habits, character, mentality and inclination alongside bestowing information. Learning at every single phase of life builds information base, comprehension and mentalities of an individual. An all around arranged and sound arrangement of training motivates individuals to control their faculties, brain and acumen, with the goal that they could be balanced better in genuine life’s condition. It guides individuals to accomplish their objectives inside time and cost parameters and to channelize their endeavors towards wanted course. To put it plainly, a sound training framework grants information, shapes mentalities, develops aptitudes and manufactures work propensities for the individuals. Differentiation between activity, taboo activity, and in real life †Knowledge hasâ been thought about fundamental to give exercises, their due importance and worth. As per Hindu way of thinking even a shrewd man may get baffled without information about do’s and don’ts. It is simply after the obtaining of information, that a personâ understands the genuine idea of work and could recognize accurately between activity, illegal activity and in real life. India and its Education framework High respect for information India has consistently offered significance to and demonstrated a high respects for information, insight, ideals, characters and self control. As indicated by Indian way of thinking, ‘Wealth of information is incomparable among all types of wealth’. (Vidya dhanam sarvadhana pradhanam). In this way, information is the best thing to be looked for after. A person is human since he has the natural ability to think and look for information. More significance to information than riches †Unlike India, in Western nations, more significance is being given to formation of riches. Riches is a definitive point of the individuals, measuring stick of achievement and a superficial point of interest. Conventional India was not all that materialistic. Its frameworks had isolated interest and accomplishment in information from enticements of common solaces, riches or influence legislative issues. As per Indian way of thinking, when an individual pursues aimlessly cash and disregards the genuine motivation behind information, both riches and information evaporates from their lives. The main reasonable approach to create riches and increase influence goes through the way of genuine information. Information as the base of positioning †Earlier the enormity of an individual, foundation or a country was decided based on the level of honesty and equity. Enormity of a country was judgedâ with which its organization represented existences of the normal men or their character. It was not based on the size of an express, its military powerâ or its treasury/bank-balance. So also, in the general public, an individual or a station was positioned based on information, iscipline and moral measures, and not based on material achievement, muscle or cash power or of having controllingâ power over the predetermination of basic man. Regard for educated people †In antiquated India, aside from Brahmins, others were additionally paid respectâ by the societyâ for their learning, character, otherworldliness and capacity to guideâ general masses. The framework was very l iberal in this issue. It smoothly acknowledged the privilege and chance to get to the top from the humblest root and win the regard of the entire society. For instance, Vashishtha, the head of the traditionalist school of Brahmanism, was the child of Uravshi, a whore. Vishwamitra, the producer of the very Gayatri Mantra, the pith of the Vedic Brahmanism, was a Kshatriya. Aitreya, after whom the holy piece of Rig-Veda is named as Aitreya Brahamana, was the child from a non-Aryan spouse of a Brahman sage. Vyasa of Mahabharata distinction was the child of a fish-lady (having a place with Mahr people group †Dalit as per present measures and to which Dr Ambedkar, the savior of Dalits had a place). Balmiki, a distant as indicated by present principles, the first creator of Ramayana, is exceptionally regarded all over India. None of them were not embarrassed ofâ their source. They despite everything hold an exceptionally high situation as a rule open personalities. Close association among Knowledge and difficult work - For procuring information, preparing mind in a logical way and concentrating energies of psyche, one needs to battle, buckle down, put forth genuine attempts and face numerous difficulties throughout everyday life. Presently a-days, courageâ to battle or buckle down is absent with the exception of in a couple of understudies, who despite everything keep the fire of looking for information consuming constantly. Without difficult work, look for information stays fragmented and shallow. In antiquated India sages (Rishi-Munies) had worked day and night to secure genuine information. The affection for information propelled numerous understudies to stroll from various pieces of the nation to focuses of learning around then like Taxila or Nalanda. An amazing Emperor, as Ashoka the incredible, suspected it his obligation, to bow before the priests â€Å"as a characteristic of my profound regard for their learning, astuteness and penance. What is important throughout everyday life, are not a person’s status or position, yet his ethics and knowledge. Just when you have raised yourself up from obliviousness, would you be able to perceive the enormity of a couple in an ocean of humankind. † For making present day human advancement, true information searchers in Western world likewise couldn't have cared less for bothers or difficulties. They had relinquished their time (for around two centuries), energies and solaces looking for information. At that point no one but they could create extraordinary current logical information, method and riches. Educationâ in present day India Sixty four years after autonomy and self-rule, lliteracy-rate has gone up to 74% from 65%. For guys it has ascended to 82% from 75%, for females to 65% from 54%. In total number, the figure is disturbing. No country can stand to have an enormous number of its populace to stay uneducated, oblivious and incompetent. Limitations That everything isn't well in instruction framework in India †has been noted by recognized academicians, approach creators, political pioneers, other prominent people, commissions and councils. Every so often, they have called attention to its disappointments in some territory. It has consistently been felt that Modern instruction has gotten progressively random to national needs and yearnings, inadequate, inefficient and broken. Notwithstanding what imperatives that have alreadyâ beenâ existing in the training framework, a lot increasingly outside and interior problems,â paradoxes and requirements have sprung up. A few imperfections in present day training dependent on colonized British Grammer School type instruction, were called attention to by Gandhiji like †* It depends on remote culture to the practically whole avoidance of the indigenous culture. It overlooks the way of life of heart and hand and limits itself essentially to head * Real training is unthinkable through remote medium. Outer Constraints †Externally, financial and political weights have disregarded its personality and independence. A few changes have occurred in the ongoing past in the character, job and between relationship of these principle constituent of the national e lites †the political official, the lawmakers, the specialists, the media people, the sorted out laborers, the excess ranchers and the civil servants. It brought into the bleeding edge some unwanted social changes and political strife. It has influenced antagonistically the entire climate in the field of instruction too. Populace blast has squeezed present training framework and its accessible foundation. Limited loyalties, sectional interests and sub-societies like †preference, nepotism and debasement have quick

How Overfishing has undermined the Quality of Life in the Atlantic Region Essay

The Atlantic district of Canada has been influenced by numerous issues that impact networks in different manners. Overfishing is one of such issues and has caused the development of divergent conclusions from the Government of Canada and networks in regions, for example, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Labrador and Prince Edward Island. The legislature is continually squeezing anglers by executing policiesâ that bar them from angling certain types of fish, for example, the Atlantic cod (Gadus Morhua) and salmon (Blanchette, 1994). Then again, anglers in the Atlantic district are normally focused on in light of the fact that they can't amass enough cash to help their families as a result of the confinements and standard on greatest catch and kind of fish species got as coordinated by the administration (Hauser and Carvalho, 2009). In this manner, there is a predicament on whether to moderate consumption of fish stocks by constraining angling exercises or permit the anglers more catch to improve their government assistance. Government endeavors to stop consumption of fish The Government of Canada as been worried that uncontrolled angling prompts fast exhaustion of fish stocks (Hauser and Carvalho, 2009). This is valid taking into account the way that uncontrolled or unregulated angling urges anglers to devise numerous strategies of getting fish, some of which might be destructive to angle stocks in the long run.â furthermore, uncontrolled or unregulated angling urges anglers to experience a ton of bycatch since they may utilize gear that catches many fish of bothersome size or species that are not required and eventually dispose of them (Rothschild, 2007). While trying to moderate consumption, the Government of Canada has executed other constraint estimates, for example, requiring anglers to wander into the sea to a limit of 100 kilometers from the shore and the anglers are not permitted to get salmon or cod (Hutchings and Reynolds, 2004). Yet, anglers are of the feeling that they are qualified for fish anyplace in the Atlantic Ocean since that is their method of gaining a living. It is currently clear that the personal satisfaction of individuals in the Atlantic district has weakened due to the constraint forced on angling and the decrease in fish stocks due to overfishing. This is talked about in the accompanying segment. Ramifications of the decrease in fish stocks in the Atlantic district There are worries that the impediments forced by the administration on angling and the general decrease in fish stocks has caused significant employment misfortunes since numerous fishermenâ have been forcedâ out of the angling business (Lauck et al, 1998). This has been meant different enterprises, for example, fish handling industrial facilities that have acknowledged decreases in profitability because of lack of fish, in this way actualizing enormous occupation cuts. While anglers and different networks in the Atlantic area express their dissatisfaction at the government’s choice to restrict angling, there is proof that for sure fish stocks have declined and if no remedial measures are taken the circumstance will undoubtedly fall apart. Sea life scientists have communicated worry that the Atlantic salmon and cod populaces have declined enormously and the two species are nearly eradication (Tegner and Dayton, 2000). The administration has been demoralizing anglers from angling the salmon and cod, rather encouraging them to focus on the seal (Tegner and Dayton, 2000). Despite the fact that this may sound as an answer for the consumption of salmon and cod, it's anything but an excellent thought since the seal isn't extremely famous among the network and is similarly jeopardized. Anglers have contended with the legislature over this issue and no understanding has been shown up at yet (Tegner and Dayton, 2000). The administration has noticed that the high centralization of anglers in the Atlantic locale is the reason for overfishing and might want to dishearten this by guaranteeing that the anglers are scattered (Lauck et al, 1998). Be that as it may, this move will in general debilitate anglers from their occupation since they are attached to going angling as a network. This in any case, the present circumstance is that anglers keep on catching youthful salmon and cod (enlistment overfishing), which ruins coherence of the fish populace. Contextual analysis: Newfoundland High paces of exhaustion of fish in Newfoundland (figure 1) have had major environmental and monetary ramifications in late decades. Numerous types of fish have been lost, accordingly representing a danger of breakdown of the Atlantic fishery. Subsequently, the Newfoundland locale has lost a valuable wellspring of nourishment, which was relied on by individuals for dietary purposes, social qualities, and financial purposes. Newfoundland territory is one of the territories that have recorded most noteworthy paces of occupation misfortune due to fishermen’s withdrawal from angling. Sear 1992, Newfoundland has been distinguished as the area that recorded the most exceedingly terrible breakdown in the fishery business, especially the cod fishery. The breakdown of the fishery business was brought about by an extensive stretch of fumble described by overfishing. The end product of the breakdown of the fishery was that upwards of 40,000 individuals lost their wellsprings of employment and the biological system went under a condition total rot (Blanchette, 1994; Myers, Hutchings and Barrowman, 1997). Today, very nearly 17 years after the breakdown of the Newfoundland fishery, anglers are as yet trusting that cod stocks will balance out; however the tussle between the legislature and anglers remains. Thus, the Newfoundland people group fish-eating society has experienced a noteworthy change. Numerous individuals have gone to eating crabs as a delicacy to override the cod, a complexity to the normal feeling that the crab is an irritation to numerous individuals in Newfoundland (Rothschild, 2007). The circumstance in Newfoundland presents significant issues that should be tended to. One is that overfishing changed the once financially dynamic Newfoundland angling network to a condition of reliance on other monetary exercises that are not as suitable as angling. Besides, there is a remote possibility that the fishery will improve since fishermen still demand having rights to get to the fishery. The request by angling networks to angle in useless waters shows how significant the fishery is to the network; yet overfishing has expanded the people’s reliance.

What Are Sample Argumentative Essay Samples?

What Are Sample Argumentative Essay Samples?There are a number of essay writing sample websites on the Internet that provide useful essay samples. These are written by students who have completed a course or postgraduate studies in different universities across the world. Many are certified as well and have degrees in various fields of study. The amount of writing samples also varies from one university to another.It is a good idea to choose a particular school or university that has a good reputation for its graduates. This will enable you to get a good teacher who has experience and knowledge about writing. It will be much easier for you to research the content of your essays if you choose a school or university which has a good reputation.If you would like to research the content of your essays, you can use online essay templates to gather your information. These templates allow you to preview the whole paper without actually having to write it. You can then check the contents of the paper and decide on the appropriate style.Sometimes, you may find that the samples provided by these sites are too long and it is difficult to access the information that they have provided. In this case, you may opt to download these essay writing sample websites for free. They can also come with a free trial period so that you can use the software and learn from it.You may find these sites to charge a small fee for their services. You will also find a free trial period that lasts a certain amount of time. You can use the software for a certain number of days before you need to pay a penny for the full package.You can find lots of sites that offer free online essays, not just from the same school or university. You will also get sample argumentative essays, but these are of lesser quality because most of the sites do not require high academic standards to be met to allow their clients to access their service.If you want to find sample argumentative essay samples, make sure that you compare the content of each essay and choose the one that best suits your needs. This can be a task because there are many different sites offering the same service.

Morality, Moral, And Moral Decisions Essay - 1304 Words

If there is one characteristic that distinguishes human civilization from any other organized species, then morality is definitely a favored candidate. In English the words â€Å"beastly† or â€Å"brutal† are used to describe the cruelest form of moral perversity; in Chinese the phrase â€Å"birds and beast† refers to people who committed appalling atrocities. Our propensity to view morality as the discriminating trait of human being overrides cultural and geographical barriers. For some people, this phenomenon serves as the evidence for the idea that morality arises out of, and should be explained by our ability for rational reasoning—a uniquely human faculty. Different schools of philosophy identify different elements behind the reasoning process that governs moral decisions—for utilitarianism those are net gain or loss of human welfare, and for Kantianism the only governing principle should be pure reason. However they all seem to harbor the same imperfection: seldom any metaphysical explanations for morality accurately capture our typical mental process behind a moral decision. While quotidian life is rife with moral decisions, neither careful evaluations of gain or loss in human welfare nor deliberate consideration of logical consistency came up to one’s mind on a daily basis. Moral psychologist took a different path: instead of constructing a logically coherent theory of ethics and reaching moral guidelines through deduction, they acknowledge the existence of certain basic moralShow MoreRelatedMorality And Moral Decision Making2005 Words   |  9 PagesMorality and moral decision making add yet another dimension to the already complex nature of warfare. A key tenet of warfare and combat is one human taking another’s life. Bloodshed is the main factor which differentiates warfare from diplomacy. However, warfare is never black and white. Modern day insurgent warfare requires incredibly difficult labeling and differentiating between combatants and civilians, that far surpasses the complexity of traditional warfare, making moral decisions all theRead MoreTheory Of Morality As A System Of Hypothetical Imperatives Essay1540 Words   |  7 PagesCircular Reasoning in Foot’s Moral System In â€Å"Morality as a System of Hypothetical Imperatives†, Philippa Foot argues against Immanuel Kant, that morality exists in hypothetical imperatives rather than categorical imperatives. For Kant, categorical imperatives alone serve as moral commands, and it would be impossible for a moral system to be based on hypothetical imperatives because such imperatives serve as means to ends and result from maxims that cannot be universalized into perfect duties. DespiteRead MoreBecoming a Philosphy Scholar Too!1457 Words   |  6 Pagesphilosophers theories about morals and ethics that you will study will seem to come to life through open class discussions on hypothetical scenarios and examples to help you better understand the content, while relating it to realistic situations. Learning about the different philosophers theories on moral judgment allows you to question your own morals while looking at morality through a different lens. The philosophies on morality that truly made me rethink my moral judgment through presentingRead MoreAbortion And Assisted Dying And How They Affect Law Making Decisions923 Words   |  4 Pageshaving a moral agenda as it may infer with what needs to be the law. In order to understand whether lawmakers should have a moral agenda it must be understood what the law is and who can make it. Law can defined as ‘a body of rules that a country makes, and it is applied by the state’ , law can be made by two different bodies in the United Kingdom which include the Judicial system and the Parliament. Now that we understand what is the law and how it works morality can be tackled. Morality can be definedRead MoreOliver Wendell Holmess Relationship With Morality1632 Words   |  7 PagesA substantial debate over the law’s relationship with morality exists within the legal system. This debate gained new perspective when Oliver Wendell Holmes published The Path of Law in 1897, which outlined his view on the relationshi p between the law and morality. This paper will first consider whether or not Holmes believed that a writing must be moral in order to constitute a law. Next, we will explore my general agreement with Holmes’ view on this matter. Then, the paper will consider an objectionRead MoreThe Flaws Of Foots Moral System Essay1519 Words   |  7 PagesShortcomings of Foots Moral System In â€Å"Morality as a System of Hypothetical Imperatives,† Philippa Foot argues that moral judgments are in hypothetical imperatives rather than categorical imperatives. For Kant, categorical imperatives are actions that are good in themselves and do not depend on desires, while, hypothetical imperatives are â€Å"actions that are good to some purpose† (306). According to Foot, hypothetical imperatives alone serve as the basis of moral judgments because categorical imperativesRead MoreMoral Development As Defined By Lawrence Kohlberg1018 Words   |  5 PagesMoral development Moral development as defined by Lawrence Kohlberg is a theory that follows moral thinking through a series of three levels and six stages that are sequential and remain consistent. According to Kohlberg level one is entitled Pre-conventional morality (pre-operational). In this level it consists of two stages: Stage One deals with punishment and obedience or how good or bad something may be. Stage two is instrumental purpose and exchange at this stage one is said to conformRead MoreThe Moral Self, Moral Injury, And Moral Emotions1031 Words   |  5 PagesThe Moral Self, Moral Injury, and Moral Emotions The podcast between John Gavazzi and Nina Strohminger on morality have a few key themes that are discussed, including the moral self, moral injury, and moral emotions. Morality in psychology initially focused on Lawrence Kohlberg’s stages of moral development, which were based on people’s ability to articulate what their moral objectives were. So, a person’s moral stage, or how advanced a person is, was determined by their explanations to the moralRead MoreEssay on Contrasting Kand and Hume on Morality1510 Words   |  7 PagesMorality is central to all rational beings, whereby a moral action is one determined by reason, rather than our personal desires as suggested by Kant (1785) in contrast to Hume. (1738). Furthermore, Kant suggests that an action is moral only on account of its being reasoned, therefore the moral worth of an action is determined by its motives and not by its consequences. Exploring the works of Hume (1738) and Kant(1785) on morality and ethi cs, we will ask the question whether we should do what isRead MoreThe Doctrine Of The Divine Command Theory1237 Words   |  5 PagesThe Divine Command Theory dictates that â€Å"An act is morally required just because it is commanded by God, and immoral just because God forbids it (Shafer-Landau 65).† This view is often accepted by religious people as the basis for morality; the morality of an action is determined by whether or not it is commanded by God. However, there are multiple problems presented by this line of thinking. One of the most common arguments against this theory is known as the Euthyphro Dilemma, derived from Plato’s

The Penang Second Brigde in Malaysia - 3068 Words

The Penang Second Bridge is one of the longest in Malaysia and also in the South East Asia region. It is also known as the Sultan Abdul Halim Muadzam Shah Bridge which is named after the Sultan of Kedah. The bridge connects from Batu Kawan on the mainland to Batu Maung on the Penang Island. It has an overall length of 24km and a length over water (displacement) of 16.9km. It is much longer when compared to the Penang First Bridge which only has an overall length of 13.5km. The building of this bridge has cost the government for RM4.5billion. The planning of building the second bridge to link the mainland to the island has been brought up back in the year of 1995 by the 4th Prime Minister which is Tun Dr. Mahathir Mohammad and also the 3rd Chief Minister of Penang, Tan Sri Dr. Koh Tsu Koon. Later, Malaysian government unveiled the plan to construct the bridge in August 2006. The project is implemented in the 9th Malaysian Plan. It is the largest civil construction work carried out in Malaysia in the past 2 decades. The construction of the bridge officially started in November 2008 after all the planning and procedure done. The bridge is currently projected completed on February 2014. The bridge is built under the cooperation between China and Malaysia. The project itself was funded by China through the Export-Import Bank of China as Malaysia signed RM2.7bilion loan agreement in July 2007. Besides that, Malaysia also cooperated with the contractor from China that is China

Complexity and Measurement Scientific Progress †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Complexity and Measurement Scientific Progress. Answer: Introduction The main purpose of this particular report is to assert the various ways in which climate changes have predicted, affected and impacted a certain city in our country. The city of choice upon which report is analyzed is Pentagon in the USA. There are many climatic aspects that have led to certain impacts to the city of Pentagon. The climatic changes in this regard include wind, temperature, humidity, sea levels and changes in precipitation. This report will also indicate the social impacts associated to the above climatic changes and finally try to integrate the various regional considerations that include water supply, food supplies and movement of refugees from one region to another. For the purpose of the audience of this report and mo so the clarity, climate change refers typically as a change in global and regional climatic patterns associated to the various climatic components such as wind, humidity, temperature, altitude, seal level and changes in the precipitation levels. Pent agon city has a consistent increase in population for the last decade (Mathez Smerdon 2009). The climate of Pentagon is warm and sunny. The climate of a city or a region refers to its average weather. The average of all the worlds regional climates may be referred as earths climate. Other scholars define climate change as change in the average or typical weather of a city or region (Romm 2015). Climate changes also involves change in earths overall climate. For instance, a change in earths typical precipitation patterns and change in earths average temperature. Therefore, this report will be a case study in the future on how to control the effects of climatic changes on such similar cities. Therefore this report lays down a platform for solutions on climatic changes and also offers a space on further research relating to similar cases. Climatic changes affecting Pentagon city. Just like other cities in the USA, there are several climate change aspects that can used in this report. The ways in which climate change is predicted to impact upon the city will draw various recommendations on how to save the city. These climate change aspects include wind, temperature, humidity, Sea level and changes in precipitation. For the purpose of this report, precipitation refers to condition that occur when increase in temperature makes the air warmer thus increasing the evaporation of moisture from land to water into the atmosphere. Therefore as moisture increase, rain and snow are expected in form of a precipitation. From the recent years Pentagon experienced more precipitations than before due to climate changes that causes shifts in ocean and air currents thus changing weather patterns in the city. Changes in precipitation has a significant impact on climate of Pentagon. Under this section, we investigate precipitation impacts on the city based on population growth and the trends in precipitations. These two aspects have a statistical relationship. We found out there is a perfect positive correlation between precipitation changes and population growth in the city. Thus, population growth in the city has a perfect positive correlation with precipitation trend (Maslin 2014). During summer quarters when s mall-scale convection activities are dominant, the positive correlation tend to rise and has been demonstrated not once but times without numbers that correlation tend to rise significantly when city stations are excluded. Therefore, the discussion relationship is nonlinear between precipitation and impact on the city. The prediction on the impact of changes in precipitation on Pentagon city is that precipitation is expected to increase due to higher latitudes. Therefore pentagon city will become wetter. In this case, too much water can be a major problem. Although a lot of people depend on snowmelt and rain in filling streams and lakes, provision of water for watering crops, drinking and other utilities, it is important to note that heavy rains causes flooding that have a set of negative impacts (Klein 2015). In summary, the major impacts of changing snow patterns and rain on people and environment surrounding Pentagon city will be effect on agriculture, water supplies, forests, recreation facilities, energy, plants, animals and the entire ecosystems. The impact of sea level on pentagon will depend on whether it is an increase or decrease on sea levels. However, we found out that Pentagon has experienced an increase in sea level over the last two decades. It is important to note that primarily, sea level tend to rise due to two major aspects related to global warming (King 2017). The two factors are one, the glaciers and wide expansion of sea waters as it warms and two, the water added from melting ice sheets and glaciers. For the purpose of the audience of this report, sea level can be typically defined as increase or decrease in water volumes in the earths oceans that results to rise or decrease in global mean sea level respectively. Pentagon city has an increase in sea level and this has certain predictive impacts on the people and the environment surrounding the city (Schuetz 2016). The predictive impact on rise in sea level on the city is that the sea level is rising and thus creates a problem. Due to increase in sea levels, Pentagon city is on the higher scale of risk of being flooded and being destroyed. This is due to increase in the sea levels that makes the land to sink (Dodds 2014). There are various isostatic rebounds that affect the city which tend to rise above the normal sea level. This also led to erosion at concerning rates (Incropera 2015). Increase in sea level will bring destruction of the city since it is located on east coast of the USA. This lowers the supply of water and food to the residents of the city in the long run. Geographically, humidity refers to the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere. There is a perfect positive correlation between humidity and pollution in the sense that, there is relative low humidity in cities with low level of pollution and a relative high humidity in cities with high level of pollution (Steger 2013). Pentagon as a city has a low level of pollution due to the acute measures that have been impacted by government and the residents. When the air become warmer, their capacity to hold moisture increases proportionately (Chang 2007). That why many cities tend to be warmer as compared to the rural areas. The impact of humidity on the city can be positive or negative. The important part is that the relative humidity provide a cohesive weather condition for people to work from. However, due to increasing population in the city, the level of humidity is expected to rise. Higher level of humidity has adverse effects on human beings. Is actually lower the effectiveness of swea ting that bring body cooling. This is brought by reduced rate of evaporation of body moisture from the skin. This effected has been calculated by experts in scales called humidex and heat index (Boit Carter 2015). Finally, humidity also affects the energy budget that in return affect temperatures. This causes the greenhouse effect. This will limit the movement of refugees due to the assumption that increase in population increases pollution which finally increase humidity. Geographically, wind can be defined as moving air. The impact of wind on cities can be devastating especially where very strong tides of moving air are blown in huge scales. Pentagon city has many skyscrapers that can have negative implication of strong wind. Therefore, the knowledge of wind climate in such cities has a huge application (Bloombery Pope 2017). Strong winds can cause huge destruction of tall building that can cause loss of property and lives. This strong winds causes the impairment of listening in the cities with huge population. The other effect wind to cities is the transmission of toxic gaseous which have been emitted. This affect human activities in the city and may cause diseases association to air pollution in the cities (Schuetz 2016). Pentagon city may face problem associated to disasters caused by wind. Food and water supply may be affected as a result. Temperature has major effects on cities. Extreme temperatures has effects table water surface. This lower supply of water in the city. In the recent times temperature caused low food supply due to drought. It is estimated that by 2050, urban surface areas are expected to expand in Pentagon by three times (Allen 2011). There is less evaporation when the sun lowers and this makes green roofs fail to cool. The world global temperature on earth are increasing by 0.8 degree (Schmidt 2008). Therefore the impact on the city is that, temperature will make the city to undergo change in the global warming. However, optimum temperature changes are better in the development of cities because many tourists visit the city during winter at their place of residence. Social impact of climate changes in the city. Lowers the movement of refuges from one region to another so as to avoid challenges associated to overpopulation. This may lower the supply of food and water to the residents of the city. Strong wind may bring the destruction of skyscrapers that may cause destruction of property and loss of lives. Extreme temperatures lowers the water table that minimize the amount of rains in the region thus affecting the food and water supply. Conclusion In conclusion, it is important for all the stakeholders to check the effects of the various climatic changes in the cities so also to set the various mechanisms to lower the negative impacts and embrace positive impacts. Finally, this report provide a platform for further study probably the predictive impacts of climate changes to the rural areas. References Allen, RC 2011, Global Economic History: A Very Short Introduction, OUP Oxford. Bloombery, M Pope, C 2017, Climate of Hope: How Cities, Businesses, and Citizens Can Save the Planet, St. Martin Press. Boit, A Carter, R 2015, climate change: The Facts, Stockade Books. Chang, H 2007, Inventing Temperature: Measurement and Scientific Progress, Oxford University Press. Dodds, K 2014, Geopolitics: A Very Short Introduction 2/e, OUP Oxford. Incropera, FP 2015, Climate Change: A Wicked Problem: Complexity and Uncertainty at the Intersection of Science, Economics, Politics and Human Behavior, Cambridge University Press. King, SD 2017, Grave New World: the End of Globalization, the Return of History, Yale University Press. Klein, N 2015, this Change Everything: Capitalism vs. the Climate, Penguin. Maslin, M 2014, Climate Change: A very short introduction 3/e, OUP Oxford. Maslin, M 2008, Global Warming: A very Short Introduction, OUP Oxford. Mathez, E Smerdon, J 2009, Climate Change: the Science of Global Warming and Our Energy Future, Columbia University Press. Romm, J 2015, Climate Change: What Every One Need to Know, Oxford University Press. Schmidt, G 2008, Climate Change Picturing the Science, W.W.Norton Company. Schuetz, K 2016, Humidity, Bellwether Media. Steger, M 2013, Globalization: A Very Short Introduction 3/e, OUP Oxford.

Social Games vs. Traditional Games free essay sample

Nowadays many people all over the world make daily use of social networks like Facebook, Twitter, or Google+. A social networking service  is a World Wide Web platform in which you can meet your real-life friends, share information and news with them and develop social relationships of any kind. These electronic communication devices, along with the opportunity to keep oneself updated with the latest news, opinions, mundane events, etc. usually help individuals to develop and maintain human contacts overcoming the obstacles of real geographical distances. Apparently, though strangely enough, these sites hadn’t developed a series of videogames of their own for quite a long time, until the beginning of the first decade of our century. Until then, traditional videogames, that people use to play individually or, at least, in groups of real people playing together in the same room, detained the monopoly of popularity among electronic ways of entertainment. In an incredibly small amount of time videogames provided by social networking systems attracted interest from every part of the world and they seemed they could easily steal from traditional videogames their monopoly of popularity. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Games vs. Traditional Games or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Up to now, it is very difficult to say if social games are more popular than videogames or vice versa. The point is that, after a vertiginous raise that impressed and sometimes even scared traditional videogames producers, the number of social games players seems to be constantly reducing over time leaving us with the thought that that of the social games could just be a passing fad as many others in the past. In the present work, we will put our attention on the possible real users of both social and traditional videogames and we will try to find out whether they share equal popularity among people or not. Traditional Games Videogames, computer programmes for personal amusement, have a long history that remount to the second half of the 1970’s with the first arcade games for consoles, electronic devices that you could find in public places. Since then, there have been sensible improvements on almost all the aspects of the programmes such as graphics, whose aim is generally that to recreate eality as vividly as possible (although there have also been many videogames designers inventing completely different, fantasy worlds); or playability, that is to say, the opportunity for the videogame player to make a â€Å"real† experience while playing (joysticks, technical devices that are used to make virtual characters and objects move on the screen, represent a good example of it, p assing from being simple levers and knobs to sophisticated radio controlled sensors, real automobile steering wheels and gears, reproductions of airplane cloches). Nowadays, to be realised, traditional videogames may require years of production, with lots of expenditures to pay workers such as producers, designers, graphics and sound engineers, etc. , not to mention the costs deriving from promoting it on a large (usually worldwide) scale. For all these reasons, traditional videogames, with their high costs, are now suffering from smaller competitors like social games, which don’t require that amount of work behind them. Apart from that, it seems that young people, especially boys, in a range that goes from teenagers to men in their thirties, still prefer playing this kind of games rather than spending their time playing on social networks. Social Games Social networks like Facebook, Twitter and Google+ usually host social games. Social games include various kinds of games but they present some common features like the need to share the game with other friends in a multiplayer session to be played, the presence of turns by which players don’t have to be simultaneously participating in the same session of the game, the reference to some kind of social activity like meeting friends, dating and so on; the absence of winners and losers as a means to convoy the maximum number of users (usually there are missions that need to be accomplished in order to pass one level after another). Moreover, these games are quite elementary in terms of programming requiring much less effort (and production costs) to be realised. Even for these reasons, social games have encountered the critics of those who denounce its most exploitative aspects. Anyway, the fact is that the number of social games users has progressively increased over the years (almost from 2007) only to know a first stop this year, but experts think this is due to the switch of platform: more and more people are playing social games on their mobile phones instead of playing them at their computers at home. According to the statistics, the number of women (of all age) who have already joined at least one social network it’s much higher than that of the men, so we may be able to derive, as a consequence, that women could possibly be a consistent part of the social games users. Researches seem to highlight the presence of middle aged people among the users of this new kind of game. Conclusions The decline of the traditional videogames appears to be constant and ineluctable due to the differences of costs with respect to those of the social network games. Despite the market seems to be subdivided in two ranges of users (young versus middle-aged people, men versus women) this is not a sufficient reason to think that traditional videogames will successfully overcome the strong competition of social games. Furthermore, the recent evolution of mobile phones can represent a very suitable platform for social games in the immediate future.

Biography of Pedro Alonso Lopez, Monster of the Andes

Biography of Pedro Alonso Lopez, Monster of the Andes Pedro Alonzo Lopez (born October 8, 1948) was responsible for the murders of over 350 children, yet in 1998 he was set free despite his vows to kill again. Rumors regarding his whereabouts have swirled since the late 1990s. Fast Facts: Pedro Alonzo Lopez Known For: Serial killer, responsible for the brutal murders of over 350 childrenAlso Known As: Monster of the AndesBorn: October 8, 1948Parents: Midardo Reyes, Benilda Là ³pez De CastenedaNotable Quote: They Never Scream. They Expect Nothing. They Are Innocent. Early Years Lopez was born on October 8, 1948, in Tolima, Colombia, a time when the country was in political turmoil and crime was rampant. He was the seventh of 13 children born to a Colombian prostitute. When Lopez was eight, his mother caught him touching his sisters breast, and she kicked him out of the house forever. Trust Me, Trust Me Not Lopez became a beggar on the violent Colombian streets. He was soon approached by a man who sympathized with the boys situation and offered him a safe home and food to eat. Lopez, desperate and hungry, did not hesitate and went with the man. Instead of going to a comfortable home, he was taken to an abandoned building and repeatedly sodomized and returned to the street. During the attack, Lopez angrily vowed he would do the same to as many little girls that he could, a promise he later kept. After being raped by the pedophile, Lopez became paranoid of strangers, hiding during the day and scavenging for food at night. Within a year he left  Tolima  and wandered to the town of Bogota. An American couple reached out to him after feeling pity for the thin boy begging for food. They brought him to their home and enrolled him in a school for orphans, but when he was 12, a male teacher molested him. Shortly afterward, Lopez stole money and fled back into the streets. Prison Life Lopez, lacking in education and skill, survived on the streets by begging and committing petty thievery. His stealing advanced to car theft, and he was paid well when he sold the stolen cars to chop shops. He was arrested at the age of 18 for car theft and sent to prison. After a few days of being there, he was gang-raped by four prisoners. The anger and rage he experienced as a child rose inside him again, consuming him. He made another vow to himself; to never be violated again. Lopez got his revenge for the rape by killing three of the four men responsible. Authorities added two years to his sentence, deeming his actions as self-defense. During his incarceration, he had time to revisit his life, and a quiet rage toward his mother became monstrous. He also dealt with his sexual needs by browsing pornographic magazines. Between his prostitute mother and the pornography, Lopezs only knowledge of women fed his demented hatred for them. Release and Rearrest In 1978, Lopez was released from prison, moved to Peru, and began kidnapping and killing young Peruvian girls. He was caught by a group of Indians and tortured, buried up to his neck in the sand, but was later freed and deported to Ecuador. Experiencing near death did not influence his murderous ways and his killing of young girls continued. The increase of missing girls was noticed by authorities, but it was concluded that they had likely been kidnapped by child peddlers and sold as sex slaves. In April 1980, a flood exposed the bodies of four murdered children, and the Ecuadorian authorities realized there was a serial murderer at large. Shortly after the flood, Lopez was caught trying to abduct a young girl after the child’s mother intervened. The police could not get Lopez to cooperate, so they enlisted the help of a local priest, dressed him as a prisoner, and placed him in a cell with Lopez. The trick worked. Lopez was quick to share his brutal crimes with his new cellmate. Lopez Confesses When confronted by the police about the crimes he shared with his cellmate, Lopez broke down and confessed. His memory of his crimes was very clear, which was remarkable since he confessed to killing at least 110 children in Ecuador, more than 100 more in Colombia, and another 100 in Peru. Lopez admitted that he would walk the streets looking for innocent girls who he would lure away with the promise of gifts. Lopez often brought the girls to prepared graves, sometimes filled with the dead bodies of other girls he had killed. He would calm the child with soft reassuring words throughout the night. At sunrise he would rape and strangle them, satisfying his sick sexual needs as he watched their eyes fade as they died. He never killed at night because he could not see his victims eyes and felt, without that element, the murder was a waste. In Lopezs confession, he told of having tea parties and playing morbid games with the deceased children. He would prop them up in their graves and talk to them, convincing himself that his little friends liked the company. But when the dead children failed to answer, he would become bored and go off to find another victim. Monster of the Andes The police found his ghastly confession hard to believe, so Lopez agreed to take them to the graves of the children. More than 53 bodies were found, which was enough for the investigators to take him at his word. The public renamed him Monster of the Andes as more information about his crimes became known. For his crimes of raping, killing, and mutilating over 100 children, Lopez received a sentence of life in prison. Lopez never showed remorse for his crimes. In a prison interview with journalist Ron Laytner, he said if he ever got out of prison he would happily return to killing young children. The pleasure he received from his demented acts of murder overpowered any sense of right from wrong, and he admittedly looked forward to the opportunity to wrap his hands around the throat of his next child. Second Release No one was concerned that Lopez would have the opportunity to kill again. If paroled from the prison in Ecuador, he would still have to stand trial for his murders in Colombia and Peru. But after 20 years of solitary confinement, in the summer of 1998, it is said that Lopez was taken in the middle of the night to the Colombia border and released. Neither Colombia or Peru had the money to bring the madman to justice. Whereabouts Unknown Whatever happened to The Monster of the Andes is unknown. Many suspect and hope that one of the many bounties offered for his death eventually paid off and that he is dead. If Lopez has escaped his enemies and is still alive, there is little doubt that he has returned to his old ways. Sources Pearson, Nick. â€Å"Worlds Second Worst Serial Killer Walked Free from Prison.†Ã‚  9News Breaking News, 9News, 5 Dec. 2018.Serena, Katie. â€Å"Serial Killer Who Murdered 300 People Was Released From Jail, And No One Knows Where He Is.†Ã‚  All Thats Interesting, 30 Nov. 2018.â€Å"The Monster Of The Andes: South American Serial Killer Pedro Lopez.†Ã‚  Did You Know?, 17 July 2017.

Alone on the sea Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Alone on the sea - Essay Example As more and more data are collected, retrieved and stored on these social media sites and internet, the concerns for its privacy and repurposing has been increased immensely. This superfluous information and data needs intelligent and sophisticated data base management systems, making this sensitive information prone to the advertising agencies etc. Advertising agencies lure these social media networking sites like Facebook, LinkedIn, Myspace, Twitter, Skype, Whatsapp etc to sell this personal sensitive data for marketing and advertising prospects. Highly customized, targeted and dedicated advertising campaigns have been designed by the advertisers managed by their back end running systems to reach their target markets. Highly targeted and specified advertising campaigns endanger the personals of individuals threatening the prospects of privacy violation. The goal of these advertising campaigns is unified that is to make their way to their target prospects that causes privacy violations. An advertising system has been established linking the middle users and the advertisers supported by the social media and internet so that they can display their ads and market their offerings. Moreover many of the internet tracking companies is also inclined towards gaining access to the private data of individuals through Facebook apps. The p oor infrastructure and least sophisticated systems of social media sites also cause privacy violations. As with the increased susceptibility of private data of internet users most of the renowned and gigantic social media sites have strengthened their privacy controls facilitating the users to gain trust in their platforms and services. For instance, Facebook, Instagram, Skype etc frequently make changes in their privacy control systems and proposing tight restrictive options in privacy setting for their users. Moreover they give options

Management of medical equipment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Management of medical equipment - Essay Example The researcher analyzed all the necessary stages involved in the two sub-cycles with the help of diagrams revealing the relevant stages involved in the two sub-cycles. The researcher also included the way utilization link together; thus reducing clinical risks. The researcher revealed the necessary management and legal actions that healthcare professions should take in order to reduce risks in the clinical setting. Lastly, the conclusion provided a brief summary of the managing medical equipment in the hospital. Management of Medical Equipment Introduction The rapid technology advancement has contributed to varied changes on the way health care providers deliver services in the contemporary society. Health care providers depend on the technology in disease mitigation, diagnosis, disease prevention, health promotion and other management care practices. Medical technology has driven the direction of healthcare services, and one is the primary factor for escalating costs in the health c are delivery system. Medical technology is seen as an effective tool for improving life quality of people across the globe. Therefore, managers should employ effective methodologies for managing medical technologies efficiently. ... chnology management requires coordination and organization of hospital activities, managers should manage medical technology across the life cycles in order to minimize risks. Management of Medical Equipment Lifecycle Acquisition Sub-cycle An effective way of managing medical technology in hospitals is through following a systematic procedure in varied stages starting from acquisition to disposal. This is essential because it will help in optimizing technology assessment, reducing costs, increasing utilization and readability in the acquisition process. It also improves the care quality through effective deployment of technology. This is through the use of quality assurance standards; thus reducing hazards by efficiently managing technology risks (Abdel-aleem and Wiley InterScience 2009, p. 112). This process happens once in the medical technology lifecycle until new medical technology is replaced, when it reaches the final stage of its useful life cycle as indicated on figure 1 belo w. Technology Assessment Acquisition Figure 1: Medical Technology Life cycle Phases of Acquisition Sub-Cycle a) Technology Assessment Technology assessment is a significant phase of acquisition, and it involves examining medical devices and the implication they have on the provision of quality services in the health care. It involves assessing the performance and security of medical technologies in the hospital. The main aim of technology assessment is to inform the policy makers in the clinical setup to adopt new technologies for better provision of healthcare services (World Health Organization 2003, p. 93). Medical technology is imperative because it offers valuable information for effective decision making reimbursement and implementation of new medical device. a) Technology Planning

Particular sectors of the population Essay Example for Free

Particular sectors of the population Essay Abstract The point of this paper is to help the reader grasp the different aspects of human identity construction with regards to ones race and/or ethnicity. This is a topic that is incredibly important to all races of people regardless of economic class or whatever else is seemingly more important. It is quite impossible to go throughout life without forming an idea of who you are or where you have come whether you care to make it a part of your daily life, have no choice or acknowledge it when it is convenient; without that knowledge I find it difficult to fully make the most of life. Through the readings from the semester and class discussions I have come to the conclusion that White ethnics choose to either assert their ethnicities thickly or thinly, or they chose to incorporate it into their lives symbolically. Blacks on the other side of the spectrum lack choice in their racial identity because their race is visible and so it is assigned to them. Asians have both the ability to choose to assert their specific ethnicities but they are racially assigned. The issue with racial and ethnic construction is that it is born of social construction-what others believe of your race to be true. This can make the identity construction process much more difficult depending upon your racial or ethnic background. Regardless, I find this to be an important part of the identity construction journey. How many cares one loses when one decides not to be something but to be someone. These words were spoken by the infamous French fashion designer, Gabrielle â€Å"Coco† Chanel. In America today, these words could not ring truer in the subject of identity. â€Å"Who am I? †, â€Å"Where do I come from? † All questions of self reflection which undoubtedly each individual asks themselves on a daily basis. These questions are not elaborate in structure but hold a great deal of weight to them and contain countless answers. White ethnics face the decision of whether or not to include their ethnicities into their identity construction; their racial invisibility gives them the choice to identify. Racial minorities self define differently from those of the white majority-there often is no choice. There are many different facets of identity construction that create the varying formulas with which Black Americans must create their racial identity. The blatant visibility of race for Blacks creates many of the difficulties that they face in the United States varying from the generalized stereotypes, entry into the coveted middle class of America. These are some of the factors that determine whether or not a positive Black identity is being formed. Lastly, Asian Americans, have found themselves in that strange middle ground of identity construction; their struggle is not exactly like that of Black Americans but they are also not easily accepted like the dominant white group. The unique factors that help Asian Americans shape their identity are the same ones that make it difficult for others outside of their race to define them. It is with this unusual combination that Asian Americans have been given the convenient ability to choose to assert their specific ethnicities and to assimilate like white ethnics while still feeling the effects of racial constraint and having their race assigned to them like Black Americans. White Ethnic Identity Construction Today we look at the possible ways the white racial group define themselves; how they appear to others of their same race as well as to non-whites and the impact of American societal expectations on the self, ultimately creating a portrait of how white ethnics construct their ethnic identity throughout the generations and the evolution of ethnic value over time. It is all too common to hear an individual say â€Å"I don’t care what people think of me† or â€Å"Their opinion doesn’t matter,† although that may be their thought process, little do they know that it is the interaction with other human beings that helps form each person’s sense of self and that every person’s opinion of you matters a great deal. â€Å"Identity cannot exist apart from a group†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Gans, 1991, p. 430). Each person bounces their personality off of other people and it is from their reactions to us that we base our identities on. This idea is called â€Å"The Looking Glass Self† developed by Charles Cooley. Cooley argues that every time we interact with another person, we see ourselves in a mirror that they hold up to us and our reflections shape our sense of self (Butler-Sweet, 2011, Sep. 20). Essentially our self definitions are based on how others see us. We cannot escape it, the society that we live in is based on interaction with other people and humans, by nature are visual; we judge first by what we see. This is why race is the defining factor in American society but mainly for non-whites. The white race in America is dominate, however, it is not dominate because of the race itself but because of the culture that was formed from it. This idea of â€Å"whiteness† stems from European ideals where historically white ethnics had the most education and were Christians opposed to the non-Christians who were also not white. When Europeans came over to America they brought these ideals with them and used them as a foundation for the new culture they were creating that placed large emphasis on church, family, and accumulating wealth and with that social status (Zack, 1998, p. 61). These ideals were the foundation of American culture and since this culture was created by whites, American became synonymous with white, white became the norm and therefore transparent. If you are white in America it is highly unlikely that you will notice your race on a daily basis unless you are placed in a situation where you are surrounded by non-whites and forced into awareness. It is a definite advantage to have your race be invisible to everyone; when you are accustomed to seeing something, you do not think about it. That being said, according to the â€Å"Looking Glass Self†, hardly anyone, white or non-white will reflect a white person’s whiteness to them. Having race viewed as insignificant in a white individual’s identity. Due impart, to the diminished importance of race to white identity construction, ethnicity among white ethnics is a choice. White ethnics can decide if they want their ethnicity to be a part of what shapes their identity and if they do chose to assert an ethnicity they chose once again if they want to assert it thickly or thinly. Growing up in Connecticut, I know that there is not as wide a variety of ethnicities as there could be among white ethnics but in a few of the less suburban areas in Connecticut, namely New Britain, certain white ethnics choose to thickly assert their ethnicity. In New Britain there is a large population of Polish white ethnics; they speak the language and have ethnic markets and restaurants. They choose to incorporate their ethnicity into their everyday lives and associate with those of that same ethnicity. On the flip side, in my suburban hometown of Farmington, Connecticut, there were a decent amount of Polish people who attended my high school however, most choose to thinly assert their ethnicity mostly by only claiming their ethnicity when it came to soccer or eating polish food during the holidays. The importance of ethnicity to white ethnics is often asserted thinly if at all. The amount of emphasis placed on the value of ethnic identity among whites is not the same as it has been in times past; the emphasis has now been placed on American culture and what is considered valuable. If white ethnics choose to include their ethnicity in their identity today, it would most likely be symbol of what once was. When Europeans first came to America from whichever country, their original ethnic background was everything. The language, food, traditions, clothing and music was a constant influence on their everyday lives as first generation Americans. Community ties to people of your same ethnicity were incredibly important as it was an extension of your immediate family. Being the â€Å"new kids on the block† so to speak, was what kept these ethnic communities very tightly knit however, each generation after began to slowly back away from those original ties and started to assimilate into the dominate American culture. The acculturation process starts in second generation white ethnics where original ethnic traditions that they grew up with become not as important because now, fitting in to the dominate culture is the way to progress. The third generation white ethnic, has fully assimilated into American culture and has little interest in their ethnicity because by now they have figured out that in being a white ethnic, they fit into the dominate culture and ethnicity is not necessary. It may not necessarily be a hindrance to their economic, intellectual or social success, but it also is not a part of them that they feel needs to be asserted; it is at this point, that ethnic symbolism begins to show up (Gans, 1991, p. 430). Through intermarriage and acculturation, third generation white ethnics and beyond often know little about their ethnicity or by now ethnicities. Sometimes there are so many ethnicities to choose from, from either parent that a white ethnic will simply pick out the stereotypes of a certain ethnicity in their genetic arsenal that they feel they can identify most with as a way of feeling ethnic of their ethnic identity. Physical traits are often used as the indicator for which ethnicity a white ethnic will chose to identify with; one of my closest friends is Luxembourgian, German, Scandinavian, Swedish, Norwegian, and Scottish. Despite the fact that her last name itself is German, she chooses to associate her fair skin, blonde hair and blue eyes with her Scandinavian and Swedish ethnicities; this is probably in large part due to her mother’s family who’s history holds more interest to her as well as people who look the most like her. She uses her physical features as symbols of her ethnicity, nothing more. It is often that if one side of the family is more vocal about a certain ethnicity or ethnicities within the family that as a result, the children will associate more with that ethnicity or ethnicities (Waters, 1998, p.60). The majority of white ethnics are of the upper middle class in American society because the race is not a constraint for them and so they have access to jobs and to education that non-whites may not have. This American culture or â€Å"whiteness† by itself leads to a sense of monotony to some white ethnics and so the symbolic ethnicity comes into play as a way to liven things and bring back a since of individuality; to not be â€Å"just American† (Waters, 1998, p. 90). Non-whites in America maintain their ethnicity and embrace it because they are not given as equal a chance to assimilate into the dominate culture and without that opportunity, they are cut off from the jobs, that would provide money to become educated and progress in the American way and therefore stay very rooted in their original culture and maintain a strong sense of community which many white ethnics do not have. The constraints of white ethnic identity are few. The invisibility of whiteness gives white ethnics a definite upper hand and even further so, when it comes to their ethnicity they can make the choice. The possibilities for white ethnic identity and furthermore, their identity as a whole would seem to be very flexible. They lack only, it would seem when it comes to the sense of community. In the American culture, as it has evolved into today, the majority population’s focus is on wealth and social status and so nothing else comes to matter. White ethnics as a whole suffer little if any because, being the dominant race and culture; it is rare to find any door closed; the invisibility of their race gives them an unseen advantage which racial minorities do not have. Black Racial Identity Construction As mentioned previously in discussing white ethnic identity construction, Cooley’s Looking Glass self was a prime factor in how identity is shaped, particularly for Black Americans. The mirror that is continuously held up to each Black person is a constant reminder that their race is a large part of how others define them. Unlike the dominant White group, race is nowhere close to being invisible for Blacks. W. E. B DuBois applies the basic idea of Cooley’s looking glass self, most specifically to the Black minority group with this concept of a â€Å"double consciousness† (Butler-Sweet, 2011, Nov.3). Much like the looking glass, the double consciousness stresses that you will never be able to truly see yourself if you are of the Black minority group because others will see your race first and automatically reflect a negative image. If this double consciousness continues it can create, what Cornell West calls a Nihilistic threat; internalizing the negative impressions of your racial group and therefore yourself. Beverly Daniel Tatum points out in her book â€Å"‘Why Are All the Black Kids Sitting Together in the Cafeteria? ’† that young children do not view racial differences as an issue but rather as a topic of curiosity, however, as the child reaches, what she calls, the â€Å"encounter stage† around adolescence race becomes very noticeable and if parents are not careful, their child will internalize all of the negative connotations of what it is to be Black (p. 55). The rest of that child’s life they will be reminded daily of their race, not necessarily in demeaning racial slurs, but in indirect forms of racism and prejudices. Unlike their White counterparts, Black Americans do not have the privilege of letting their race be invisible in society. Being the dominant group, White is expected and accepted-their race is invisible but as a minority group, Blacks do not have the choice of blending in; race is not only an assigned part of one’s identity if you are Black but it is thickly assigned which creates the boundaries and sense of separateness among the different racial groups. Identifying oneself as Black is essential for a member of the Black minority group if they wish to avoid self conflict. Wishing that you were not Black or attempting to be something other than Black only exasperates the issue. This negative view has to do with prejudices which transformed into stereotypes about Black Americans and translated into the negative Black identity which Black adolescents begin to form and even take with them into adulthood. Ones view of what it means to be Black can be fuelled primarily through stereotypes which can lead to a disdain of your own race. This could be expressed in a need to be the opposite of all those stereotypes, which was manifested as the Black kid not sitting at the all Black table (Tatum, 1997, p. 67). He refused to associate himself with those of his race because of the stereotypes that were reflected through â€Å"the looking glass. † This can at times be rectified later in life through exposure to positive examples of Black peoples, particularly those who are college educated. According to the double consciousness, the fact that you are Black is already assigned and therefore asserting it further, is unnecessary. The idea that having a positive Black identity is contingent upon putting your race first is redundant because it is already visible to everyone you come in contact with. It is as if you are a book and your race is the plastic covering around it; people cannot open the book because the plastic is sealed so tightly around it. In order for there to be a positive black identity all that is necessary is a full acceptance of your race and the positive aspects of it. The presence of positive Black role models in the life of a Black youth early on encourages a positive Black identity and expels most of the widely spread negative stereotypes. (Tatum, 1997, p.55). With largely widespread negative views on Black Americans as a whole and stereotypes being perpetuated regularly it is easy for a Black person to feel victimized; caged into a role even. The most readily available images of Black people in the media are often those that portray blacks in dire, downtrodden striates or extreme poverty. Sadly, this generalized portrait of Black Americans is overly, the dramatized and filled with gang violence, illegal drug sale, and so on. This type of life has been glorified in popular music; rappers especially speak of having been poor and having to live in the projects-the only way to survive being crime. Whatever is most commonly projected will be the easiest to accept as your only choice if you are Black. Lack of funding in lower income communities, the majority of which are populated by Black Americans, create low grade schools decreasing the ability or even the possibility for Black minorities to go on to higher education. America is a country built on capitalism; if one group cannot keep up with the dominant group financially they will fall back. Only 30% of Black Americans are impoverished but as a whole, are widely accepted as poor because of the media’s attention on densely populated, majority black communities (Butler-Sweet, 2011, Nov. 10). When this negative view becomes the norm, it is hard for Black youth to see much else, which is often why the minority of Blacks who rise above the negative stereotypes their racial identity is questioned by others of their same race. Since the idea of a middle class and the suburbs is a social class largely dominated by the dominant white group, some would find Black Americans as a part of that middle class to be an oddity. It is automatically assumed that because the White race is dominate in American society that they would have the jobs, the wealth, education and ability to enter seamlessly into the middle class realm and above. However, racial prejudices and stereotypes have made it so that it is quite uncommon to find a Black family in a predominantly White suburb; the symbol of the middle class. Somehow, through hard work, sacrifice or well-off parents, Blacks have managed to go on to higher education and thereafter; higher paying jobs, earning them a spot in the middle class. Unfortunately, this kind of success among Black people of the middle class does not sit well with those that live below it. It is the truest statement to say that personally, growing up in a largely White suburb, endured an intense inquisition about my racial affiliation from my Black peers who were bused in from Hartford. I was told that I â€Å"dressed White†, â€Å"talked White†, and many a time that I was in fact White or an â€Å"Oreo† as they would put it. Many of my White friends would joke around with me that I was not Black. There is nothing more offensive than being told, in so many words, that because your parents were educated, held well paying jobs, bought a house in the suburbs and educated you in a majority White school system, that you were no longer Black; worse even, being scrutinized and ignored by people of your own race because of a difference in social class. Tatum speaks of the same issues in her book, she even states how important it is for young Black people in predominantly White communities to connect with other Black peers to share experiences and increase awareness of daily life outside of the suburbs (Tatum, 1997, p.69-70). One would think that coming to a university with a larger community of Blacks than in my high school would open doors, but sadly I find that the divide is almost completely the same. The Black friends I have made since attending the University of Connecticut have been ones that share a similar background as myself; rarely do non-suburban Black people and I become friends and it is not for lack of effort on my part. I would like to think that I keep a positive attitude towards both Whites and Blacks but because of the stereotypes so deeply ingrained in many of us, it is difficult to lay them down and redirect our way of thinking. It is this reason, among others why other racial and sometimes ethnic minorities have difficulty being accept in America, Asian Ethnic and Racial Identity Construction The entrance into America for Asians is considered to be the first wave of immigration. This wave is relatively recent beginning in the early 19th century with the Chinese who immediately moved out west where the work they were given was largely agricultural. Like all immigrants coming into the United States, the Chinese, Japanese and later other groups like Filipino, Korean, and Vietnamese, among others, all faced discrimination from the dominate White group. When the Chinese first entered they were very hardworking and skilled while working on the transcontinental railroad but having not been in America long enough and having so many Chinese coming in their seemingly flawless work ethic was viewed as a threat by their fellow White workers. After the Chinese Exclusion Act was put into action in 1882, Japanese immigrants began to make their way into America but the same thing happened to them. Their advanced skills in agriculture were considered a threat to the Whites. They were taking their jobs and since farmland is not something that goes away, the Japanese were able to establish themselves a little better than the Chinese (Butler-Sweet, 2011, Nov. 28). The manner in which the group entered into the United States is the reason why their history is so important to their formation of a positive Asian American identify. The entrance of the various Asian groups into the United States and the acceptance of them were bound to be a bit difficult. The size of the group was large enough to be considered a threat to the dominant white group and because they had a tendency to settle down together, making it difficult for them to assimilate into American culture. The second wave of Asian Immigration is a part of present day America and this idea of being threatened by the skillfulness of Asians is still something that the dominant group feels and makes a point to mention often. In the first wave of immigration, the Chinese and Japanese succeeded because the work they found in the United States involved the use of skills they had already cultivated in their specific countries and so the excelled. Here in this second wave it is the same thing; whatever the Asian group is good at in their places of origin are the skills they will take with them when immigrating and that is why this idea of the Model Minority Myth has been created (Monk, 1996, p. 31). Asian American’s ability to succeed so effortlessly it seems, in large part can be attributed to the fact that much like the dominant White group, Asian Americans have the ability to assert their specific ethnicities. Similar to Black Americans, Asian Americans have an assigned race; when it comes to their ethnicities, which hold more value to them than their race, it is of greater significance to how they identify. However, non-Asian groups tend to lump every Asian ethnicity under one â€Å"Pan Asian† label but Asian Americans refuse to accept this (Kibria, 2002, p.73-74). Instead of agreeing with the reflection they see from other people about their race, as mentioned previously in regards to Cooley’s â€Å"Looking Glass Self†, Asian Americans place a great amount of emphasis on their specific country of origin and its traditions and cultures in order to define themselves. In the first wave of immigration, Asian Americans would settle in closely knit communities with their specific ethnic group; in those communities, they would all help each other out making it easier to survive in America. Even today, there are large communities of Asian Americans who choose to live close to each other to keep that sense of having a culture and traditions that separate them from everyone else. Having these tightly knit communities makes it easier for Asian Americans to succeed because they have a constant support group and people to fall back on if they need it (Monk, 1996, p. 37-38). Being in such constant close contact with those who share your culture background and infuse it into daily life definitely helps with forming a positive Asian American identity, regardless of outside influences. Some of the dominant White group believes that if given the chance, over time Asian Americans could have the potential to fully assimilate to American culture and become ultimately â€Å"white. † This idea of racial ethnogenesis is that the later generations of Asian Americans as well as incoming groups of Asians will simply begin to blend into American culture to the point that they will just embrace the racial category they have been placed in and forget about their ethnic background (Kibria , 2002, p. 14). What would this do for the identity construction of Asian Americans? Would their full assimilation into American culture really improve their quality of life anymore? The identity construction of Asian Americans would be so unlike every other identity if they simply assimilated completely into American culture. Letting go of cultural ties and accepting the general name for people of your same race will not improve the quality of life significantly because their race is still visible. Again, culture is a choice, race is not. Although Asian Americans are capable of choosing their ethnic identity and asserting it like the White ethnics, they also share the disadvantage of being assigned to their race like Black Americans because their race like Blacks is very visible. Since their race is visible it creates this aspect of constraint which makes it difficult for people to not see your race and therefore puts limits on how people will treat you or what jobs you can attain. Regardless of the success Asian Americans have in academics and achieving higher paying jobs, there is still a â€Å"glass ceiling† they have to deal with (Monk, 1996, p. 42). The visibility of their race keeps them from being hired as corporate CEOs or being in leadership positions in general. Excelling most commonly in mathematics and sciences often places Asian Americans in behind the scenes type of work that pays well but does not require them to be out in the open as public figures in the corporation. The added factor of an accent for more recent immigrants can also serve as additional restriction to entering into the higher echelons of business (Monk, 1996, p. 43). The positive connotations that come with being Asian American as well as the negative can have an adverse affect in identity construction. Being considered to be a â€Å"Model Minority† definitely can create some hostility especially for second and third generation Asian Americans. When non-Asians assume that you get A’s in school and that you are inherently good at mathematics it becomes a burden (Kibria, 2002, p. 87). Just the same, negative stereotypes about the foods that different Asian American cultures eat or assuming that because certain physical features are similar among the different ethnic groups, they are all the same, can create negative feelings about being Asian American and that is not good for the development of a healthy ethnic or racial identity. The saying â€Å"Asian Invasion† (Monk, 1996, p. 44) is very common I personally even have used it in jest and so have some of my Asian friends; I assumed that its use was okay. Generally, my second generation Asian friends will use this term when talking about either the Asian students who are studying abroad on campus, or in regards to first generation Asian Americans. This makes me wonder if my friends have assimilated enough into the dominant white culture that they no longer can see themselves associating with the incoming Asians. It is hard to determine whether the statement is meant as a joke or a commentary against ethnic Asians. Conclusion Having explained the different forms of identity construction through the examples of White ethnics, Black Americans and Asian Americans it has been made clear that identity construction cannot be viewed the same for a ethnicities and races. White ethnic identity comes in many different shapes sizes and forms ranging from symbolic, non-exisistent, or thinly asserted to a large part of how one identifies or thickly asserted. The option to pick and chose which part of your heritage you prefer over another or not at all is how white ethnics construct their identities. The majority of white ethnics who choose the route of symbolic ethnicity opposed to asserting either thinly or thickly a certain ethnicity is often because the dominant American culture has become of greater value to their identity than anything else and choosing an ethnic symbol to place on themselves is what will separate them from the rest of their fellow white ethnics or bring them closer to someone who holds the same ethnic symbol. Just the same, the constant pressures placed on Black Americans to play multiple roles are a difficult task. Shaping a positive identity of any kind is difficult but to shape a positive Black identity in America holds a certain amount of extra weight to it. Black Americans struggle trying to advance themselves because of the constant racial stereotypes reverberating in the background. If you do manage to elevate into the higher ranks of American life your racial loyalty will then be questioned. Is it possible that over time these stereotypes will dissipate or is there a reason they are kept alive? The unique combination of both ethnic choice and racial constraint makes Asian American identity construction the most interesting form of identity construction so far. Since the first wave of immigration into the second one, Asian Americans have dealt with a slew of racial injustices in America but they have also gained a great deal of merit mostly for being the â€Å"ideal† so to speak. Being hard workers and keeping close ethnic ties have made Asian Americans competition for White ethnics. In the future, whether or not they will completely assimilate or not is questionable and what toll it will take on their identity construction. Having the option to choose a part of your identity which no one can see will never outweigh your racial assignment. What is it, or is it possible to have a truly positive White ethnic or Black or Asian racial identity in America? The constant changes in society make it impossible to know.

Leonardo da vinci Essay -- essays research papers fc

Leonardo Da Vinci   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Leonardo Da Vinci was a man of many worlds. He was a great influence inhis time. Leonardo was known as many things. He was known as a sculptor, architect, writer, musician,philosopher, engineer, and scientist. But most of all he was known for his impressive paintings that influenced the world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Leonardo was born in Anchiano, Italy on April 15, 1452, to Piero Da Vinci, a prominent public official in Florence, and a peasant woman named Caterina. He was born out of wedlock and shortly after his birth they were married, but not to each other. As an infant, Leonardo was cared for by other family members; his uncles, grandmother, and Aunts. Later, his father took him into his own house where he was forced to join and get along with half-brothers and half-sisters. While living with his father, he was receiving the best education he could get and his talents and intelligence started to show at a very early age. In 1469, by the age of 17, his father sent him to study in the workshop of a well-known Italian Renaissance master named Andrea lV Errocchio. He remained there until 1476 and Leonardo had picked up a variety of skills. He spent several years there practicing a variety of things such as drafting engineering, architecture, and building, but most of all he studied painting and drawing. Leonardo was assigned to build a golden sphere and cross to sit on top of the domed ...

Statistics Cheat Sheets

The 95% confidence interval indicates that between 14% and 34% of Kayoed rental properties are rented to families Contrary to the claims made by Kayoed, less than 35% of their properties are rented to families. According to a web advertising company, the impact of pop up ads depends on age. A random sample of 60 web surfers are asked if they remember a specific internet ad. The age of each respondent is recorded as teenager', young adult' or ‘over 30'. What analysis would you use to test the hypothesis that teenagers are more likely to remember the pop up ad than young adults or people over 30?Test: Chi-squared test Jane, who works for Universal Bank, wants to know which credit card to recommend to her customers. She believes that VIZIER credit card customers probably get more bonus points than customers of Extraterrestrials credit cards. She records the number of bonus points awarded to a random sample of customers of each card. What analysis would you use to test the hypothes is that VIZIER credit card customers get more bonus points than customers of Extraterrestrials credit cards? Test: Independent Samples t-test It is believed that the age at which a child first talks is related to his or her IQ at age 12.A random sample of one hundred 12 year olds did a standardized IQ test and the age at which they first spoke is recorded. What analysis would you use to test the hypothesis that children who talk earlier tend to have higher IIS? Test: Person's correlation coefficient and regression analysis A sociologist believes that the current economic cellmate NAS resulted In Tower people going to university tan In ten pas t. When seen attended university in the sass, 57% of school leavers continued to tertiary studies. She takes a random sample of 1000 school leavers in the last year and records whether or not they continue their education.What analysis would you use to test the hypothesis that the proportion of school leavers who continue to tertiary studies ha s dropped since the sass? Test: Binomial test Australian adults watch an average of 3 hours of television everyday. A survey was conducted on a random sample of 100 Australian students and the amount of TV watched they watched each day was recorded. What analysis would you use to test the hypothesis that, on average, students watch more TV than the general population? Test: One sample t-test Fred is the barman at the Golden Arms.He always puts free nuts on the counter to make people buy more drinks. Sally tells him that flavored peanuts make people buy more drinks than normal salted peanuts. He gets 20 of his regular customers to help him in an experiment where he gives each of them one type of nut one night and the other type of nut the next night and records how many standard drinks they buy. What analysis would you use to test the hypothesis that flavored peanuts make people buy more drinks than normal salted nuts do? Test: Paired samples t-test

Customer Relationship Management Process A Dynamic...

Customer Experience exploration endeavours have been started by the straightforward assumption that none of the corporate hierarchical exercises, even a CRM, could be in charge of or credited with the general business results. Companies trust that any hierarchical movement (that is, showcasing procedure) may trigger client reactions, and such client reactions would influence the organization s business results. The hypothetical establishment of such a multilayered relationship in the middle of firms and clients could be delineated by the administration benefit chain (SPC). The SPC gives an all encompassing perspective to seeing how a company s administration operations impact its client observations and practices, and hence, how†¦show more content†¦Corporate business system ought to be executed by a gathering of exercises promoting wanted business results, corporate exercises for CRM technique are acknowledged as far as CRM procedures. The premise of the CRM procedure can b e found during the time spent a relationship improvement, composed of mindfulness, investigation, responsibility and disintegration. A few scholastic endeavours to characterize the CRM procedure have been founded on this hypothesis. The company displayed client procurement and client maintenance forms as the client value process. Johnson and Selnes sorted an organization s CRM methodologies into three unique stages, from outsiders to colleagues , from associates to companions and from companions to accomplices , and demanded that organizations ought to embrace a suitable procedure relying upon business sector circumstances. (lemon rust 2001) Reinartz et al recommended three sorts of CRM procedures and created parameters to quantify the level of corporate CRM process, where client maintenance and development procedures are coupled into a solitary CRM upkeep process. Despite the fact that the corporate activities utilized for expanding client offer can likewise be utilized to hol d clients, recent studies show that expanding client offer may require systems not the same as the one for holding clients. Companies are always focusing on the quality of the outcome from the manufacturer but customer